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,M~l Eg.kts dk;\
ckgs:u vkysY;k dkj.kkeqGs izfrdkj 'käh deh >kY;keqGs fnl.kkÚyak y{k.kkapk lewg Eg.ktsp vWDok;MZ
vki.k ,d 'vktkj' Eg.kwu
lacks/krks, ijarq [kjs ikgrk gk ,d
dkgh xaHkhj vktkjkapk o ddZjksxkapk lewg vkgs. ,M~l-ckf/kr
O;ähe/;s R;kaiSdh dehr deh ,dk vktkjkph xaHkhj y{k.ks
fnlrkr. ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ph ykx.k >kY;kuarj izR;{k ,M~l gks.ks ;ke/;s vusd o"kkZapk dkyko/kh tkrks. ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ph ykx.k >kY;kuarj, gk fo"kk.kw ek.klkP;k izfrdkj
;a=.ksoj gYyk dj.;kl lq#okr djrks. gh izfØyak Qkjp
eanxrhus gksrs. ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. ckf/kr cÚyakp
yksdkae/;s fdR;sd o"kkZai;Zar dqByhp y{k.ks fnlr ukghr o rs vxnh fujksxh fnlrkr. ;kp dkj.kkeqGs cÚyakp yksdkauk vki.k ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. ckf/kr vlY;kps letrp ukgh.
,dnk lalxZ >kY;kuarj R;k O;ähdMwu brjkauk ykx.k gksÅ 'kdrs.
gk ,M~lpk fo"kk.kw 'kjhjkr cjsp o"kZ jkgrks o R;kph ok< gksr jgkrs. T;keqGs izfrdkj 'käh deh gksr tkrs. loZlk/kkj.ki.ks izfrdkj'käh T;k vktkjkauk VkGw 'kdrs R;k vktkjkauk 'kjhj lgth cGh iMw 'kdrs. ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. ckf/kr
O;ähe/;s vk<G.kkÚyak v'kk jksxkauk la/khlk/kw vktkj vls
Eg.krkr. dkj.k izfrdkj 'käh dedqor >kY;kph la/kh lk/kwu gs
vktkj 'kjhjkoj gYyk djrkr, mnkgj.kkFkZ {k;jksx fdaok
,[kk|k O;ähpk ,M~lpk vktkj yodj cGko.;kph 'kD;rk
tkLr vkgs.
vkt txHkjkrhy vankt vls n'kZforkr dh izR;sd rklkyk dehr
deh 600 yksdkauk ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ph ykx.k gksrs vkgs, Eg.kwup
txHkjkr iljysyh gh lkFk ekuoh bfrgklkrhy lokZr tkLr
fo/olad Eg.kwu vksG[kyh tkr vkgs. vesfjdse/;s twu 1981
e/;s ,M~lpk ifgyk jksxh vk<Gyk o rsOgkiklwu txHkjkr vo?;k
20 o"kkZae/;s 6 dksVhais{kkgh tkLr yksd ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. ckf/kr
vkgs. 2003 P;k v[ksjhl 4.2 dksVhais{kkgh tkLr yksd
,p~.vk;~.Ogh.us ckf/kr gksrs.
txHkjkrhy uohu lalxZ gks.kkÚyak yksdkae/khy 95 VDds yksd
fodlu'khy ns'kkae/;s jkgrkr. v'kk ns'kkae/;s ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.
iklwu yksdkaps laj{k.k dj.;kps vkOgku fodflr ns'kkais{kk
tkLr vo?kM vlrs. Hkkjrke/;s ifgY;kank ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ph uksan
psUubZe/;s 1986 lkyh >kyh. 2002 P;k v[ksjhl vankts 45 yk[k
yksd ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.us ckf/kr vlY;kpk vf/kÑr vankt dk<.;kr
vkyk gksrk. ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. Hkkjrkrhy loZ jkT;kae/;s iljysyk
ukxkyWaM ;k jkT;kae/;s ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ps izek.k tkLr vlY;kps
vk<Gys vkgs. (;k izkarkae/;s xjksnj fL=;kaP;kr gs izek.k 1 VDD;kis{kkgh tkLr vkgs.) |
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,p~.vk;~.Ogh. Eg.kts dk;?
,p~.vk;~.Ogh. fdaok áqeu
bE;quksMsfQf'kvUlh
Ogk;jl gk ,d ekuokyk lalxZ dj.kkjk fo"kk.kw vkgs.
rks 'kjhjkrhy
izfrdkj 'kähoj gYyk djrks
o R;keqGs 'kjhjkph
jksxkfo:)ph izfrdkj 'käh
gGqgGw deh deh
gksr tkrs. ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.
brj fo"kk.kwais{kk
tkLr /kksdknk;d vkgs dkj.k
lkFkhP;k jksxka'kh y<.;klkBh
izfrdkj ;a=k.ksyk T;k
jäis'khaph xjt vlrs
R;kaP;kojp gk fo"kk.kw gYyk
djrks o R;kaP;koj dCtk
djrks. ;k fo"kk.kwps Lo:i
Qkj yodj cnyrs
R;keqGs 'kjhjkP;k loZ
izfrdkj ;a=k.kkuk gk fo"kk.kw
lgti.ks pqdow 'kdrks.
,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ps 1 vkf.k 2
vls izdkj vkgsr o cjsp miizdkj vkgsr. Hkkjrke/;s
lk/kkji.ks ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. - 1
pk lh gk miizdkj tkLr izek.kkr vk<Grks. |
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fo"kk.kw Eg.kts dk;\
fo"kk.kw gs vfrlw{e tho
vlrkr. rs 'kjhjkr jksx
fufeZrh d: 'kdrkr. gs tho
lk/;k MksGîkauh fnlr
ukghr. Lor%P;k ok<hlkBh
vkf.k iztksRiknuklkBh
fo"kk.kwauk ouLirh fdaok
izk.;kaP;k ltho is'khae/kwu f'kjkos ykxrs. ák izfØyasr fo"kk.kw ltho is'khaph jpuk vkf.k O;oLFksoj rkck feGowu rh Lor%P;k iqu#RiknuklkBh okijrks. ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. gk fo"kk.kw v'kkp izdkjs lhMhQksj (fdaok Vh gsYijis'kh) ukokP;k ika<Úyak is'khauk idMwu, R;kapk uk'k djrks.
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izfrdkj ;a=.kk Eg.kts dk;\
vkiY;k 'kjhjkr cÚyakp ;a=k.kk vkgsr. jksxkafo:) fdaok lalxkZfo:) y<.;kps dke
dj.kkÚyak loZ ;a=.kkauk "izfrdkj ;a=k.kk" vls Eg.krkr. tsOgk izfrdkj ;a=k.kk ,[kk|k lalxkZfo:) y<.;kl leFkZ vlrs vkf.k R;k jksxkyk nwj Bsors rsOgk vki.k vls Eg.krks dh rh O;äh R;k jksxkiklwu lqjf{kr vkgs. gh izfrdkj 'käh fof'k"V jäis'khaps leqg o dkgh izfFkus ;kaP;kdMwu feGrs. ;k izfrdkj ;a=k.kse/;s 'kjhjkrhy o 'kjhjkckgsjP;k xks"Vhauk vksG[k.;kph {kerk vlrs. gh ;a=k.kk jksxkl dkj.khHkwr vlysY;k tarw o fo"kk.kwlkj[;k /kksdknk;d vkØedkauk vksG[k.;kl f'kdrs. rki ;s.ks] yl xzaFkhauk lwt ;s.ks o 'kjhjkoj iqjG ;s.ks ;klkj[;k y{k.kkao:u izfrdkj 'käh uohu vkØedkauk vksG[kwu R;kaP;kfo:) y<rs vkgs gs y{kkr ;srs.
jksxkl dkj.khHkwr vlysY;k vkØedkauk vksG[k.;kps Qä nksup ekxZ izfrdkj
;a=k.ksdMs vlrkr. ifgyk ekxZ Eg.kts tUetkr feG.kkjh izfrdkj'käh. nqljk ekxZ Eg.kts
'kjhjkr tsOgk ifgY;kank ,[kk|k vkØedkpk f'kjdko gksrks rsOgk 'kjhj Lor%p R;kauk
vksG[k.;kl f'kdrs. tj gk vkØed 'käheku vlsy rj rks ifgY;kp gYY;ke/;s izfrdkj
'käh'kh y<wu R;k O;ähP;k 'kjhjkr izos'k djrks. ylhdj.k Eg.kts izfrdkj ;a=k.ksyk 'kjhjkoj ifgY;k osGsl gYyk dj.;kvxksnjp vkØedkyk vksG[k.;kl f'kdfo.;kph ,d i)r. Eg.ktsp T;k yksdkae/;s dkgh Bjkfod jksxkafo:) ylhdj.k >kysys vkgs rs yksd R;k
jksxkaiklwu iqjsls lqjf{kr vlrkr dkj.k R;kaph izfrdkj ;a=k.kk jksxtarwaP;k ifgY;k gYY;kykns[khy izfrdkj dj.;kl lTt vlrs. |
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,p~-vk;~-Ogh-pk lalxZ dlk gksrks\
,p~.vk;~.Ogh.pk lalxZ vlysY;k O;ähP;k jäke/;s, oh;kZe/;s, ;ksuhlzkokr o vkbZP;k nq/kkr ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. vlw 'kdrks. R;kapk lalxZ vusd izdkjs gksÅ 'kdrks.
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,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ckf/kr O;äh'kh dsysY;k vlqjf{kr (daMkse u okijrk) ySafxd lac/kkrwu (;ksuheSFkqu, xqneSFkqu fdaok eq[keSFkqu)
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nwf"kr lq;k fdaok midj.ks, mnkgj.kkFkZ futZarqd u dsysY;k batsD'kuP;k lq;k fdaok js>j CysM,
;kapk okij fdaok v'kk lk/kukauh btk
>kY;kl, rlsp ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. ckf/kr O;ähP;k jäk'kh laca/k vkY;kl ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ph ykx.k gksÅ 'kdrs. (tso.;kph rkV-okVh fdaok diMs, rlsp T;kapk jäk'kh laca/k ;sr ukgh v'kk oLrqapk ,desdkauh okij dsY;kus ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ph ykx.k gksr ukgh.
rlsp lqdysY;k jäkP;k Mkxke/kwu
ok Fkaqdhe/kwugh ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.pk lalxZ gksr
ukgh.)
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,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ckf/kr O;ählkBh okijysY;k lq;k,
flfjatsl fdaok vkS"k/ks Vksp.;klkBh okijysyh
brj lk/kus nqlÚyak O;ähyk okij.;ke/kwu.
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,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ckf/kr vkbZdMwu xjksnji.kkr, izlqrhP;k osGh fdaok Lruikuke/kwu.
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,p~.vk;~.Ogh. ckf/kr O;ähps jä fdaok jäkrhy
?kVd nqlÚyakl fnY;kus fdaok vo;o jksi.k dsY;kus. (jä Hkj.;kiwohZ R;kph tj izR;sd osGh ;ksX; fjrhus ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ph rikl.kh dsyh tkr ulsy rj lalxkZpk /kksdk tkLr jkgrks).
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xksan.;klkBh fdaok Vksp.;klkBh futZarqd u djrk okijY;k xsysY;k lk/kukaeqGs.
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,p~.vk;~.Ogh. ckf/kr O;äh rqeP;k ekÖyak lkj[khp ,d ek.kwl vlrs.
nksu iq#"kkae/kys (lefyaxh) laca/k vlksr fdaok L=hiq#"kkarys (fHkUufyaxh) ySafxd laca/k vlksr, ák nksUghe/kwugh ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ph ykx.k il: 'kdrs. iq#"kkdMwu L=hyk ykx.k gks.;kph 'kD;rk] L=hdMwu iq#"kkyk ykx.k gks.;kis{kk tkLr vlrs.
pqacukrwu, vkfyaxukrwu, Li'kkZrwu, gLrkanksyukrwu, ,dk dikrwu-c'khrwu [kk.;kfi.;keqGs, [kksd.;k-f'kad.;krwu, lkoZtfud LoPNrkx'gkpk okij dsY;kua, dhVd ok izk.kh pkoY;kua, ,dkp Lukux'gkpk okij dsY;kua, fdaok
,p~.vk;~.Ogh. ckf/kr O;Drhus
r;kj dsysys vUu
[kkYY;kus -
ep~.vk;~.Ogh. iljr ukgh.
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,p~-vk;~-Ogh-/eM~lP;k lkFkhyk ,o<s egÙo dk fnys tkr vkgs\
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txke/;s eksBîk izek.kkoj ekuoh e'R;wl tckcnkj vlysY;k dkj.kkae/;s ,M~l pkSF;k Øekadkoj vkgs.
gk jksx tjh tho?sk.kk
vlyk rjh ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. fojks/kh vkS"k/kkaP;k
O;äh
R;kekukus fn?kZdkG fujksXkh thou txw 'kdrs.
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r#.k yksdkae/;s ,M~lps izek.k Qkj tkLr vkgs.
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,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ph ykx.k izkeq[;kus O;ähP;k lokZr l{ke dkG vlysY;k o;kr (18 rs 49) eksBîk izek.kkoj gksrs. R;keqGs laiw.kZ dqVqackaP;k, lektkP;k o ns'kkaP;k lkekftd o vkfFkZd jpusoj Qkj eksBk ifj.kke gksr vkgs.
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,p~.vk;~.Ogh.pk izlkj Qkj osxkus >kyk vkgs. ;k vxksnj Hkkjrke/;s dnkfpr 20 O;k 'krdkP;k lqjokrhyk Iysx o nsohlkj[;k jksxkapk vlk Hk;kud izlkj >kyk gksrk.
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,M~l gh mipkjklkBh Qkjp xqarkxqarhph ckc vlrs. ifjfLFkrh eysfj;k (fgorki) fdaok {k;jksx ;klkj[;k jksxkais{kk osxGh vkgs. ,M~l vlysY;k O;ähyk
cÚyakp jksxkauk rkasM |kos ykxrs o ák loZ jksxkaoj mipkj djr jgk.ks lksis ukgh.
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nw"k.k o HksnHkkokph okx.kwd ;k xks"Vh vtwugh eksBîk izek.kkr ,M~lcjkscj tksMysY;k vkgsr. ,p~.vk;~.Ogh./,M~l ckf/kr O;ähyk brj lkalfxZd vktkj vlysY;k brj O;ähais{kk vf/kd vU;k;dkjd o v;ksX; okx.kwd fnyh tkrs.
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,p~.vk;~.Ogh./,M~l iw.kZi.ks cjk gksÅ 'kdrks dk\
ukgh. ,p~.vk;~.Ogh./,M~l iw.kZ cjk gksr ukgh. ,M~l Eg.kts vusd
jksxkapk lewg vkgs. dkgh fof'k"V vkS"k/kkaeqGs ,p~.vk;~.Ogh./,M~l
ckf/kr yksdkauk la/khlk/kw jksxkaiklwu okpfork ;srs o R;k jksxkauk
vkVksD;kr Bso.;kr
;sÅ 'kdrs. ts la/khlk/kw jksx fujksxh ek.klkauk
Qkjls =kl nsr ukghr fdaok lgt mipkj dj.;ktksxs vlrkr,
rsp
la/khlk/kw jksx
,p~.vk;~.Ogh./,M~l >kY;koj
dedqor o {kh.k
izfrdkj 'käheqGs ;k yksdkaP;k e'R;qyk dkj.khHkwr Bjrkr.
vkt ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ckf/kr yksdkauk vusd izdkjP;k ,M~l fojks/kh
vkS"k/ks (,vkjOgh) vls Eg.krkr.
gh vkS"k/ks ,p~.vk;~.Ogh.ps iqu:Riknu vkVksD;kr
Bsow 'kdrkr
i.k ,vkjOgh vkS"k/ks vk;q";Hkj, jkst dkVsdksji.ks ?;koh ykxrkr. tj
jksX;kus 50 iSdh ,d tjh ek=kk pqdfoyh rj gk fo"kk.kw R;k vkS"k/kkauk
izfrlkn nsbZuklk gksÅ 'kdrks o gh vkS"k/ks fudkeh Bjrkr. ts jksxh
izR;sd ek=kk vkBo.khus ?ksrkr, R;kaP;ke/;sgh gh vkS"k/ks dkgh dkGkus
fu:i;ksxh Bj.;kph 'kD;rk vlrs. f'kok; gh vkS"k/ks Qkj egkx vkgsr
o R;kaP;kiSdh dkgh vkS"k/kkaeqGs rhoz nq"ifj.kke gksÅ 'kdrkr.
rjhns[khy dkVsdksj mipkj i)rh rlsp ;ksX; lsok vkf.k mipkjkaeqGs ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. ckf/kr yksdkaps vk;q"; ok<Y;kps o R;kapk thouLrj lq/kkjY;kps vk<Gwu vkys vkgs.
,p~.vk;~.Ogh. ckf/kr vkbZdMwu ckGkyk gks.kkjk lalxZ vki.k vkbZyk xjksnji.kkr o izlwrhP;k osGsl rlsp ckGkyk ,vkjOgh nsÅu VkGw 'kdrks.
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,p~.vk;~.Ogh. lkBh fnyh tk.kkjh [kkl vkS"k/ks
Eg.kts - evkjOgh - ák fo"kk.kwph ok< jks[krkr i.k
'kjhjkrwu lewG
u"V d: 'kdr ukghr. |
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,p~.vk;~.Ogh./,M~lyk izfrca/k dj.kkjh yl miyC/k vkgs dk\
,p~.vk;~.Ogh./,M~lyk izfrca/k yl miyC/k ukgh. txHkjkrhy cÚyakp 'kkL=Kkauk ,M~l yl r;kj dj.ks 'kD; vkgs vls okVrs. l/;k cÚyakp mesnokj ylhaP;k oSnîdh; pkp.;k lq: vkgsr osxosxGîk
yksdkae/;s ;k pkp.;k cÚyakp dkGklkBh ?ks.;kr ;srkr. R;krwu ,[kknh yl lqjf{kr, 'kjhjkyk vko';d
vlysyk izfrdkj dj.;kl izo'Ùk dj.kkjh o ifj.kkedkjd vlY;kph [kk=kh djrk ;srs. ekxhy dkgh o"kkZae/;s ,M~l ylhP;k la'kks/kukyk pkyuk feGkyh vkgs o vkt txHkjkr R;klkBh iz;Ru dsys tkr vkgsr. vkt ,M~lylhph rkrMhph xjt vlY;kdkj.kkus ,M~l ylhP;k cÚyakp izdkjkaoj ,dkp osGh pkp.;k dsY;k tkr vkgsr. R;keqGs 'kkL=Kkauk, laLFkkauk o 'kklukauk dehr deh osGkr gk 'kks/k yko.;kl enr gksbZy. Hkkjrkus ,M~l ylhlkBh ;q)ikrGhoj 'kks/k lq: dsyk vkgs. Hkkjrh; 'kklukyk o
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,M~l yl gh 100 VDds ifj.kkedkjd vlsy dk\
izfrca/kd ylhpk 'kks/k ykxY;kl, vxksnjp ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. vlysY;k yksdkae/;s frpk mipkj Eg.kwu okij djrk ;s.kkj ukgh. 'kkL=K o MkWDVlZ v'kh yl r;kj dj.;klkBh osxkus dke djhr vkgsr. R;kr ;'k vkys rjhgh yl dnkfpr 100 VDds ifj.kkedkjd vl.kkj ukgh.
lqjf{kr ySafxd laca/k, daMksepk okij o futZarwd lq;k ;klkj[;k usgehP;k
izfrca/kkRed i)rh okijr jkgwu O;ähyk Lor%ps ,p~.vk;~.Ogh. iklwu laj{k.k dj.ks 'kD;p vkgs, gs rj vkiY;kyk ekghrp vkgs. |
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